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develop advanced culture and support healthy and useful culture,changing what is backward and resisting what is decadent。（发展先进文化，支持健康有益文化，努力改造落后文化，坚决抵制腐朽文化）中changing 和 resisting是并列的 现在分词 作 伴随状语
如果不加ing 则 需要 把第一个 and改为逗号
即?develop advanced culture ， support healthy and useful culture,change what is backward and resist what is decadent。
本来 伴随状语 就相当于 并列谓语
这不过是 两种不同的表达方式 而已
2.坚持为人民服务，为社会主义服务的方向：keep to the orientation of serving the people and socialism。中keep to可以看做固定的动介短语?
意思是?坚持；遵守；保持；恪守
to当然是介词?
the 修饰的是people
这是 特指 的人民 ?
不是people and socialism，因为抽象名词 ?socialism不需要 特指?
3.go deep among the masses。（深入群众）中，go among可以看作动介短语
deep是副词 ?
体现国家水准的文化项目：cultural projects that are up to national standards。中up to有达到的意思 ?，
up to 可以看做短语介词?
分开 up是副词 to是介词?
中华文明博大精深，源远流长：The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history，中Chinese civilization需要特指 因为这是含有普通名词的专有名词?
and前面加逗号 是意群停顿的需要，去掉也可以，不过读时 仍需要停顿。
4.拨乱反正：set things right。中right是形容词 作宾补?
因为宾语 与其 是 主表关系
寄予厚望：place high hopes on，中的on是根据意思用的，有 关于 、对于 的意思?
用in，at 则 词不达意?
加快发展：speed up development。中的up是副词
因为 speed这里是 ?及物动词
5.development is for the people， by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits。（发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享,）中，with the people sharing in its fruits上接development is？share为什么不用shared？
因为 这是 三个 并列的 表语 ?。注意 只有一个and?
with复合结构作 并列的 表语?
用现在分词 表示与介词宾语是主动 关系?
用 过去分词 表示 与介词宾语 是被动关系?
本句是主动 ?所以用现在分词?
不过 也有人 认为 ?with 后面 是 动名词的复合结构 作介词宾语?
= with ?the people‘s ?sharing
6.改革开放三十周年：the 30th anniversary of the start of reform and opening up。中，要加the start of，表示 起点 到现在 是第 30年?
去掉后逻辑上不严谨 意思有出入 ?意思是 属于。。。的 第30年
人才强国战略：the strategy of strengthing the nation with trained personnel。把with换成through的话，前者是伴随 表示具有 ? 注意 这是定语 不是方式状语?
所以 用 through 不妥 ? 它的意思 是穿过?
2019年英语四级翻译考试模拟题及答案解析
写作思路：可以介绍一下中华传统文化的源远流长，从古至今，从现代追溯五千年的历史等等，中心要明确，语句要通顺。
正文：
Chinese traditional culture has a long history. It has a history of 5000 years from ancient times to modern times. Traditional culture, as the name implies, is the culture that has been handed down from ancient times to the present. These cultures are all the ancients, and our lost people evolved from them.
中华传统文化，源远流长，从古至今，从现代追溯五千年的历史。传统文化顾名思义，就是从古代一直流传至今的文化，这些文化都是古人，我们的失人，从他们身上演变而来的。
For example, Qu Yuan is a representative of the Qingming Festival. If Qu Yuan passes through to now, he will definitely be a great martyr for the largest martyr cemetery in China.
比如，屈原是清明节的代表，屈原如果穿越到现在，绝对会是一位伟大烈士，供在中国最大的烈士陵园。
Because of his unyielding loyalty, for the country and the people, fearless of power, and vowing not to be a traitor, he would rather jump into the river and sacrifice his own life, rather than betray his country and sell his personality for a small profit, rather than trample on his dignity.
由于屈老的坚贞不屈，为国为民，不畏强权，誓死不做卖国的，宁可跳入江中牺牲自己的性命，也不会为了一点小利益，而出卖国家出卖自己的人格，不会践踏自己的尊严。
Chinese virtues are well known to all, and the allusions such as "Kongfeng let pear" embody the supreme virtue of the Chinese nation for 5000 years, and also show that the Chinese nation is a cultural capital.
中华美德，人人皆知，“孔融让梨”等典故无不体现了中华民族五千年以来至高无上的美德，更说明了中华民族是一个文化之都。
Chinese traditional culture is extensive and profound, you want to imitate and copy it is far from possible. If it is simple, what can be called "tradition". Even if you are given another 10, 50 or even 100 years, it will only become more and more mysterious. What you always know is not its fur, but its essence is not profound, but very profound.
中华传统文化又是博大精深的，你想模仿想复制那是远远不可能的。如果是简简单单的，有何是堪称“传统”这两个字，就算再给你十年，五十年甚至一百年，它只会越来越神秘，你永远知道的不是它的皮毛，其精髓不是精深，而是很精深，非常的精深。
2019年英语四级翻译考试模拟题及答案：退休金双轨制
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
“退休金双轨制”是指不同工作性质的人员采取不同的退休养老金制度，是计划经济时代向市场经济转型期的特殊产物。中国现行的“退休金双轨制”有两套并行的养老金体系，一套是政府部门、事业单位人员的退休制度，由政府财政统一支付养老金;另一套是社会企业单位的“缴费型”统筹制度，是单位和职工本人按一定标准缴纳，退休金由社会统筹核算。
参考译文
The dual pension system targets staff of various industries. It was created in the planned economy during the market economy transition period. The current dual pension system of China is composed of two parts: one, the pension system supported by the financial department of the government for staff working for government and government-affiliated institutions; two, the checked and collected tax-funded pension system paid by company units and workers in accordance with certain standards and the pension.
2019年英语四级翻译考试模拟题及答案：生育政策请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
如今，中国正步入老龄化社会，因此独生子女一代面临着巨大的工作和生活压力。中国政府开始适当调整计划生育政策，允许一些家庭在特殊情况下生育二胎。但调查显示，很多夫妻迫于不断加重的经济压力，放弃生育二胎。因此，要从根本上解决老龄化的问题不能依靠出生率的上升，最有效的办法是建立有效的社会保障制度。
词汇
步入 step into
老龄化社会 aging society
独生子女一代 the only-child generation
巨大的 enormous
调整 adjust
计划生育政策 the family planning policy
在特殊情况下 under certain circumstances
由于，迫于 due to
放弃 abandon
出生率 birth rate
有效的 effective
社会保障制度 social security system
参考译文
Nowadays, China is stepping into the aging society. Therefore, the only-child generation is facing enormous pressure both from work and life. The Chinese government has begun to adjust the family planning policy and allows some families to have a second child under certain circumstances. However, the survey shows that some couples abandon to have a second child due to the increasing financial burden. Thus, in order to solve the aging problem, the basic thing is not relying on the increase of birth rate. The best solution is to establish an effective social security system.
2019年英语四级翻译考试模拟题及答案：珍珠奶茶请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
珍珠奶茶
珍珠奶茶，是一款流传于台湾的茶类饮料，由于口感特殊，受到青少年欢迎。珍珠奶茶一般使用较大颗粒的粉圆，烹煮后的直径约在7毫米以上，混入红茶和牛奶饮料里，用直径较粗的吸管吸取。粉圆味道有多种选择，有咬劲，为奶茶增添了风味。
参考译文
Pearl milk tea, also known as "boba milk tea", or simply "bubble tea", is a tea beverage that originated in Taiwan. It is highly popular amongst teenagers for its unique taste. Typically, it contains tapioca balls which are larger than 7 millimeters in diameter after boiling. These are mixed into black tea and milk beverages and drank through large straws. With multiple choices in taste and unique texture, these tapioca balls add a special flavor to already delicious milk tea.
2019年英语四级翻译考试模拟题及答案：裸辞请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
裸辞
“裸辞”指白领一族还没找好下家就辞职的现象，不考虑后路，意味着离开的决然。因长期缺乏工作幸福感，或对工作未来的迷失感日益增加，这是产生裸辞的主要原因。该词于2010年底荣登中国流行词榜首，成为继“裸婚”之后在年轻白领中流传最广、最快的词汇、职场第一大热词。
参考译文
Naked Resignation
“Naked resignation” is when an employee quits their white-collar job without having another job lined up. The fact that they do not consider their future beforehand shows how determined they are to leave because they are not happy with what they're doing or they feel lost about the future of their career. This term topped China’s list of buzzwords at the end of 2010 and is an extremely popular term amongst white-collar employees; it is second only to the term “naked wedding”.
2019年英语四级翻译考试模拟题及答案：传统文化请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在2 000多年前，就产生了儒家学说和道家学说，以及其他很多在中国思想史上有地位的学说流派，这就是有名的“诸子百家”。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族传统文化有它的很多珍贵品质。比如“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操，“民为邦本”、“民贵君轻”的民本思想和“己所不欲，勿施于人”的行为准则。
词汇
博大精深 both extensive and profound 儒家学说 Confucianism道家学说 Taoism
诸子百家 Hundred Schools of Thought孔夫子 Confucius 孙中山 Dr. Sun Yat-sen
天下兴亡，匹夫有责 Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.
爱国情操 patriotism 民为邦本 People are the foundation of the country.
民贵君轻 The people are more important than the monarch.
己所不欲，勿施于人 Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.
行为准侧 code of conduct
参考译文
The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. More than 2 000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism and Taoism, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term “the Hundred Schools of Thought”. From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas. For example, they lay stress on. patriotism as embodied in the saying “Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.”, the populist ideas that “People are the foundation of the country.” and that “The people are more important than the monarch” and the code of conduct of “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you”.
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